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[目的]了解狂犬病疫苗免疫者流行病学基本情况,为制定狂犬病控制策略提供依据。[方法]对2 649例狂犬病疫苗免疫者按统一设计的表格内容进行流行病学调查,用Excel2000进行统计分析。[结果]2 649例就诊者,男性1 621人,女性1 028人,男女之比为1.58︰1;年龄最小的7月,最大的83岁,从年龄分布看,0～9岁年龄组受伤最多,占19.94%,其次是20～29岁组和10～19岁组,分别占18.39%和18.29%,随着年龄增大,被伤人数逐渐减少;受伤者以下肢居多,占53.20%,其次为上肢,占39.97%,躯干和头面部受伤较少;被犬及其他动物咬伤、抓伤后能在24 h内注射狂犬病疫苗者占47.0%;受伤的2 649例免疫者中狂犬致伤者仅占0.15%,而外观正常的家犬咬伤、抓伤者占90.83%,猫咬伤、抓伤者占6.30%,其他动物(鼠、猴、兔等)仅占2.72%。[结论]无论是家犬、宠物犬还是宠物猫,均有潜在传播各种人畜共患传染病的危险,受伤后尽早及时、彻底清洗消毒,将明显降低发病率。
[Objective] To understand the basic epidemiology of rabies vaccination and provide basis for the development of rabies control strategy. [Methods] A total of 2 649 cases of rabies vaccine immunization were investigated according to the unified design of the questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed by using Excel 2000. [Results] There were 2 649 patients, including 1 621 males and 1 028 females, the ratio of male to female was 1.58︰1. The youngest was 7 months old and the largest was 83 years old. The age group of 0 to 9 was injured in age distribution Accounting for 19.94%, followed by 20 to 29 years old and 10 to 19 years old, accounting for 18.39% and 18.29% respectively. As the age increased, the number of injured people decreased gradually. The injured persons were mostly lower limbs accounting for 53.20% Followed by the upper limbs, accounting for 39.97%, with less injuries on the trunk and head and face; bites by dogs and other animals, and 47.0% of them were vaccinated against rabies within 24 hours after being scratched; Only 0.15% of the wounded, but the appearance of normal dog bites, scratches accounted for 90.83%, cat bites, scratches accounted for 6.30%, other animals (rats, monkeys, rabbits, etc.) accounted for only 2.72%. [Conclusion] Both domestic dogs, pet dogs and pet cats could potentially spread various zoonotic diseases. The prompt and thorough cleaning and disinfection as soon as possible after injury would significantly reduce the morbidity.