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一、概述随着科学技术和生产的发展,需要采用桩基础以承受较大的上拔荷载的结构物日益增多,诸如:(1)高压输电线路塔基;(2)高耸结构物(炼油厂和化工厂的塔罐、电视和电讯用的塔桅结构等)的基础;(3)海洋石油的钻采平台、洋面或潜水系泊系统的桩基;(4)抵抗巨大水平荷载时采用的叉桩结构,如码头、桥台、挡土墙下的斜桩;(5)承受巨大浮托力的基础,例如泵房、船闸、游泳池、地下油罐、地下室、车库等结构物的基础;(6)特殊地区的建筑物,如地震荷载作用下的建筑物桩基,膨胀土及冻胀土上建筑物桩基。
I. Overview With the development of science and technology and production, there is an increasing number of structures that need to use pile foundations to withstand large uplift loads, such as: (1) tower foundations for high-voltage transmission lines; (2) high-rise structures (refinery) (3) offshore oil drilling platform, ocean surface or submersible mooring system pile foundation; (4) adopted when resisting huge horizontal loads. Fork pile structures, such as piers, abutments, and slanted piles under retaining walls; (5) Fundamentals of structures with great floating force, such as pump rooms, ship locks, swimming pools, underground tanks, basements, garages, etc. (6) Buildings in special areas, such as building piles under earthquake loads, building piles on expansive soil and frozen soil.