某些植物种子对人及动物有毒是早已知道的,但在过去被认为是由于细菌毒素所致。直至1889年Stillmark才第一次发现蓖麻子中的一种蛋白质成分能凝集红细胞,称之为蓖麻毒蛋白(ricin),以后被称为植物性红细胞凝集素(以下简称血凝素)。1908年Landsteiner等第一次指出某些食用荚豆类如菜豆(navy bean)、扁豆(lentils)和豌豆(garden bean)也含有 Some plant seeds are already known to be toxic to humans and animals, but were thought to have been caused by bacterial toxins in the past. It was not until 1889 that Stillmark first discovered that one of the protein components in castor bean agglutinated red blood cells, called ricin, and later called phytohemagglutinin (hereinafter referred to as hemagglutinin). Landsteiner et al first pointed out in 1908 that certain edible pod beans, such as navy beans, lentils, and garden beans, also contain