以秦皇岛蟹壳废料为基本原料制备了天然高分子甲壳素，并采用不同的方法分别制备了低、中、高三种粘度壳聚糖．然后以异丙醇为反应介质，在碱性条件下，甲壳素与壳聚糖分别同氯乙酸反应得到了相应的羧甲基甲壳素和羧甲基壳聚糖．在此基础上，对其热性能（DSC与TGA）、吸湿性能、成膜性能、增稠性能以及pH稳定性能进行了测试． The natural macromolecular chitin was prepared from Qinhuangdao crab shell waste, and three kinds of low, medium and high viscosity chitosan were prepared by different methods. Then, with isopropanol as the reaction medium, the corresponding carboxymethyl chitin and carboxymethyl chitosan were obtained by reaction of chitin and chitosan with chloroacetic acid under basic conditions. On this basis, the thermal properties (DSC and TGA), hygroscopicity, film-forming properties, thickening properties and pH stability were tested.