高速公路山体滑坡现象日益严重,特别是山区修建高速公路,天然滑坡、潜在滑坡、工程滑坡构成的高速公路滑坡灾害几乎不可避免。既有滑坡监测技术很难探明滑坡灾变的初始形态,更难以进行准确预测。该文首先介绍声发射技术进行工程应用的原理与技术特点,进而提出基于声发射技术的山体滑坡灾变预测的关键研究问题:常见岩体破坏过程与声发射信号对应关系;基于声发射信号的山体滑坡面定位技术;滑坡时声发射信号与岩体应力/应变关系以及野外环境信号噪声的处理方法。最后针对这些关键问题给出室内试验方案,并进行岩体样本加载破坏试验。试验结果证明了声发射技术在山体滑坡灾变预测中的应用可行性。 The phenomenon of landslide on the expressway is worsening day by day. In particular, highway landslide caused by the construction of expressways, natural landslides, potential landslides and engineering landslides in mountainous areas is almost inevitable. Existing landslide monitoring technology is very difficult to identify the initial form of landslide disaster, more difficult to predict accurately. In this paper, the principle and technical features of acoustic emission technology are introduced firstly. Then the key research questions of landslide catastrophe prediction based on acoustic emission technology are proposed: the correspondence between the failure process of rock mass and acoustic emission signal; Landslide positioning technology; landslide sound emission signal and the relationship between rock stress / strain and the treatment of the wild environment signal noise. Finally, according to these key problems, the indoor test program is given and the rock specimen loading failure test is carried out. The test results prove the feasibility of acoustic emission technology in landslide catastrophe prediction.