1920年法国人罗森汉(W.Rosenhain)首先发现合金具有一种异常大的延伸率。1945年,苏联人包赤瓦尔(Bockvar)等人正式把这种现象命名为“超塑性”。但是,直到1968年超塑性合金才在汽车上获得首次应用,自此以后更加广泛的引起人们的注意和研究。所谓塑性是指材料在整体不遭受破断的情况下所具有的最大永久变形的能力。通常以材料的最大延伸率“δ”作为塑性指标。在常温下,黑色金属延伸率不大于40%,有色金属最 In 1920, W. Rosenhain first discovered that the alloy had an unusually large elongation. In 1945, the Soviet Union, including Bockvar and others formally named the phenomenon “superplastic.” However, it was not until 1968 that superplastic alloys were first applied in automobiles and have since attracted much attention and research. The so-called plastic refers to the material in the overall situation is not subject to the greatest permanent deformation capacity. Usually the maximum elongation of the material “δ” as a plastic indicator. At room temperature, black metal elongation of not more than 40%, the most non-ferrous metals