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目的研究孤啡肽在子宫内膜异位症患者在位内膜及异位内膜中的表达及与患者痛经程度的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测孤啡肽在50例子宫内膜异位症患者(观察组)子宫在位内膜、异位内膜及50例子宫肌瘤患者(对照组)子宫内膜及肌层组织中的表达,采用口述评分法评估患者疼痛程度并分析孤啡肽表达与患者痛经程度的关系。结果孤啡肽在观察组在位内膜及病灶组织中的表达明显高于其在对照组内膜及肌层组织的表达；孤啡肽在观察组重度痛经组在位内膜及病灶组织中的表达量最高,中度痛经组和轻度痛经组依次降低,差异有统计学意义；观察组患者痛经程度与在位内膜的孤啡肽表达呈正相关(r=0.757,P=0.007),与病灶组织的孤啡肽表达也呈正相关(r=0.856,P=0.001)。结论孤啡肽在子宫内膜异位症中的高表达可能是引起痛经的因素之一,子宫内膜异位症的痛经程度与孤啡肽在子宫内膜异位症组织中的表达呈正相关。“,”Obj ective]To explore the expression of orphanin in eutopic and ectopic endometrium in pa-tients with endometriosis and its relationship with the severity of dysmenorrhea.[Methods]The expression of orphanin in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of 50 patients with endometriosis and normal endometrium and myometrial tissue of 50 controls was detected by using immunohistochemical method.Verbal rating scale (VRS)was used to evaluate the pain degree and analyze the relationship between orphanin expression and the severity of dysmenorrhea.[Results]The expression of orphanin in eutopic endometrial tissue and lesions of ob-servation group was obviously higher than that in endometrium and myometrial tissues of control group.The expression of orphanin in severe dysmenorrhea group of observation group was the highest,and that in moder-ate dysmenorrhea group and mild dysmenorrhea group was reduced in turn,and there was significant differ-ence.The severity of dysmenorrhea in observation group was positively correlated with the expression of or-phanin in eutopic endometrium(r=0.757,P=0.007),and also positively correlated with the expression of orphanin in lesion tissues(r=0.856,P=0.001).[Conclusion]High expression of orphanin in endometriosis may be one of the factors causing dysmenorrhea.The severity of dysmenorrhea is positively correlated with the expression of orphanin in endometriosis.