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目的了解南通市不同职业人群吸烟状况、对吸烟相关知识的认知及对公共场所禁烟的态度。方法于2007年5—6月在南通市采用方便抽样和配额抽样的方法,对南通市医疗机构、学校、政府机构、公共交通场所、餐厅和网吧等6类公共场所331名工作人员进行调查,内容包括调查对象基本信息、主动吸烟及被动吸烟状况、对吸烟相关知识的认知、对公共场所禁烟的态度。结果调查人群现在吸烟率为21.15%,男性(50.74%)高于女性(0.51%),差别有统计学意义(P<0.001);被动吸烟率为56.62%,其中男性51.28%,女性58.76%,差别无统计学意义(P=0.260)。不同职业人群对吸烟和被动吸烟损害健康的正确知晓率均高于90%,而对被动吸烟具体危害正确知晓率较低(均低于90%)。男性人群中,服务行业人员的吸烟率(65.63%)高于其他行业。不同职业人群中,教师的被动吸烟率(29.63%)低于其他职业人群;服务行业人群对吸烟相关知识的正确知晓率和对公共场所禁烟的支持率均低于其他职业。不同职业人群对“医务人员不应当着病人面吸烟”、“学生不应吸烟”、“公务员开会时不应吸烟”非常同意的比例较高(均大于85%)。结论南通市男性现在吸烟率较高,服务行业的吸烟率高于非服务行业。应大力开展吸烟和被动吸烟危害的宣传,加大公共场所禁烟管理力度,以改善不同职业人群对禁烟的态度。
Objective To understand the smoking status of different occupational groups in Nantong City, to understand the knowledge about smoking and to stop smoking in public places. Methods From May to June in 2007, Nantong City adopted a method of convenience sampling and quota sampling to investigate 331 staffs in 6 public places such as medical institutions, schools, government agencies, public transport, restaurants and Internet cafes in Nantong City, Content includes the basic information of the respondents, active smoking and passive smoking status, awareness of smoking knowledge, smoking in public places. Results The prevalence of smoking was 21.15% in men and 50.74% in men (0.51%), with a statistically significant difference (P <0.001). The rate of passive smoking was 56.62%, of which 51.28% were male and 58.76% The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.260). The correct awareness rates of smoking and passive smoking among different occupational groups are both higher than 90%, while the correct awareness of the specific hazards of passive smoking is lower (both lower than 90%). In the male population, the smoking rate of service workers (65.63%) is higher than that of other industries. Among different occupational groups, the passive smoking rate of teachers (29.63%) was lower than that of other occupational groups. The correct awareness rate of smoking-related knowledge and the no-smoking rate in public places were lower in service industry than in other occupations. Different occupational groups should not smoke on medical grounds, medical students should not smoke, students should not smoke, civil servants should not smoke during a meeting, and the proportion of those who strongly agree (both greater than 85%). Conclusion Nantong City, men now smoking higher rates of smoking in the service sector higher than non-service industries. Publicity on the dangers of smoking and passive smoking should be vigorously promoted, and no smoking administration should be stepped up in public places so as to improve the attitude of different occupational groups towards smoking cessation.