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临床中发现,越来越多的糖尿病患者并发下肢动脉硬化,临床表现特点有间隙性跛行、休息痛、缺血性坏疽。迄今动脉硬化具体的发病机制尚未阐明,目前较为普遍认同“损伤应激学说”对其发病机制的表述,但未涉及基因调控。由于发病机制在基因调控领域中的空白,不能确定相关基因的干预靶点,影响了对糖尿病下肢动脉硬化的有效预防和治疗。最近10年,microRNA成为基因研究领域中的热点,预计约30%的人类基因均会受microRNA调控,1个microRNA家族可能与多达200个靶基因结合,相比大量的靶基因,起调控作用的microRNA数量要少得多,因此通过microRNA研究糖尿病下肢动脉硬化的发病机制更易进行,同时这也是利用microRNA研究基因表达调控的巨大优势。本文对microRNA的热点及其与糖尿病患者下肢动脉硬化的相关性作一综述。
Clinical found that more and more patients with diabetes complicated by lower extremity arteriosclerosis, the clinical manifestations of lameness laxity, rest pain, ischemic gangrene. So far, the specific pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has not been elucidated. At present, it is generally accepted that “damage stress theory ” expression of its pathogenesis, but did not involve gene regulation. As the pathogenesis in the field of gene regulation and control in the blank, can not determine the target of intervention of related genes, affecting the prevention and treatment of diabetic lower extremity atherosclerosis. In recent 10 years, microRNA has become a hot spot in the field of gene research. It is estimated that about 30% of human genes are regulated by microRNAs. One microRNA family may bind up to 200 target genes, which may play a regulatory role compared with a large number of target genes The number of microRNAs is much less so it is easier to study the pathogenesis of diabetic lower extremity arteriosclerosis with microRNAs and it is also a great advantage to using microRNAs to study gene expression regulation. This article reviews the hot spots of microRNAs and their association with lower extremity arteriosclerosis in diabetic patients.