Objectives To investigate the effects of testosterone enanthate (TE) on serum lip- ids and lipoproteins metabolism and the expression of androgen receptor (AR) , estrogen receptor beta ( ER - β) and platelet derived growth factor beta ( PDGFR - β) in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues (VSMTs). Methods Forty aged male rats were ran- domly divided into 4 groups, group A (placebo group) , group B (2. 5 mg/kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week ) , group C (5.0 mg/kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week ) , group D ( 10. 0 mg/kg intramus- cular injection of TE once a week). All animals were fed freely during 16 - week treatment periods. The ex- pression of AR ,ER - βand PDGFR - β were studied by Western bolt. Results Average serum LDL - C was lower in group D than that in group A ( p < 0. 01 ). Compared with the other groups, average serum TC was also lower in group D (p <0. 05). AR expression in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues could be regulated by TE: 99.50 ±21.74, 125.38 ±28.68 and 101.98 ± 15.42 for TE concentrations at 2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg, respectively , the expression of ER - β could be regulated by TE: 92. 34 ± 18. 68, 47. 72 ± 18.12, 82.13 ±23.50, and the expression of PDGFR - β could be regulated as well by TE: 219.70 ±45. 59, 50.16 ±9. 72, 125.36 ±15. 74(Data for AR ,ER-β and PDGFR - β protein band intensity were expressed with x ± s, with control group taken as 100 ).Conclusions This study indicates that androgens have significant effects on serum lipids and lipoprotein metabolism. Testosterone enanthate at 5. 0 mg/kg can stimulate the expression of AR, but inhibite the expres- sion of PDGFR. Testosterone enanthate at the concen- trations of 5. 0 mg/kg and 10. 0 mg/kg can inhibite the expression of ER - β. Objectives To investigate the effects of testosterone enanthate (TE) on serum lipids and lipoproteins metabolism and the expression of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor beta (ER - beta) and platelet derived growth factor beta (PDGFR - beta) in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues (VSMTs). Methods Forty aged male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, group A (placebo group), group B (2.5 mg / kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week) 5.0 mg / kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week), group D (10.0 mg / kg intramus- cular injection of TE once a week). All animals were fed freely during 16 - week treatment periods. The ex- pression of Results Average serum LDL-C was lower in group D than that in group A (p <0.01). Compared with the other groups, average serum TC was also lower in group D (p <0 05). AR expression in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues could be regulated by TE: 99.50 ± 21.7 4, 125.38 ± 28.68 and 101.98 ± 15.42 for TE concentrations at 2.5 mg / kg, 5.0 mg / kg and 10.0 mg / kg, respectively, the expression of ER - β could be regulated by TE: 92. 34 ± 18. 68, 47. 72 ± 18.12, 82.13 ± 23.50, and the expression of PDGFR - β could be regulated as well by TE: 219.70 ± 45.59, 50.16 ± 9.72, 125.36 ± 15.74 (Data for AR, ER-β and PDGFR - β protein band intensity were expressed with x ± s, with control group taken as 100) .Conclusions This study indicates that androgens have significant effects on serum lipids and lipoprotein metabolism. Testosterone enanthate at 5. 0 mg / kg can stimulate the expression of AR, but inhibite the expres- sion of PDGFR. Testosterone enanthate at the concen- trations of 5.0 mg / kg and 10.0 mg / kg can inhibite the expression of ER- beta.