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主要用来对多发性骨髓瘤进行诊断和分型。每张图片为1份标本的图谱,图片上ELP泳道是只加用固定剂的对照泳道,其图谱分为白蛋白、α1、α2、β和γ5个区带;标有G、A、M、K、L字母的泳道是分别加用抗IgG、IgA、IgM重链和抗KAP、LAM轻链抗体的泳道。通过观察深染、浓集条带的有无及出现的泳道来判定单克隆免疫球蛋白的型别,从而可对多发性骨髓进行诊断和分型。图1为IgA- KAP型多发性骨髓瘤,在ELP对照泳道上,单克隆免疫球蛋白位于β区;图2为LAM轻链型, 在ELP对照泳道上,单克隆免疫球蛋白位于α2区;图3也为LAM轻链型,在ELP对照泳道上, 单克隆轻链位于β区,轻链多聚体位于γ区,图4也为LAM弪链型,在ELP对照泳道上却观察不到显著的单克隆条带。本图提示我们:血清蛋白电泳虽可作为免疫增殖性疾病的过筛试验,但有相当的漏诊率。对于γ区出现单克隆条带或其他区出现额外条带,α1、α2或β区异常增高,甚至血清蛋白电泳正常者,都应结合临床,应用免疫固定电泳进行鉴别。
Mainly used to diagnose and type multiple myeloma. Each picture is a map of one specimen. The ELP lane on the picture is a control lane with only fixative. The map is divided into albumin, α1, α2, β and γ5 bands; G, A, M, The K and L letter lanes are lanes added with anti-IgG, IgA, IgM heavy chain and anti-KAP, LAM light chain antibody, respectively. By observing the deep-staining, the presence of concentrated bands and the presence of lanes to determine the type of monoclonal immunoglobulin, which can be multiple bone marrow diagnosis and typing. Figure 1 shows IgA-KAP multiple myeloma. Monoclonal immunoglobulin is in the β region in the ELP control lane. Figure 2 is the LAM light chain. In the ELP control lane, the monoclonal immunoglobulin is in the α2 region. Figure 3 is also a LAM light chain type. On the ELP control lane, the monoclonal light chain is in the β region and the light chain multimer is in the γ region. Figure 4 is also the LAM chain, which is not observed in the ELP control lane Significant monoclonal bands. This figure prompts us: although serum protein electrophoresis can be used as a screening test for immune proliferative diseases, but there is a considerable missed diagnosis rate. Monoclonal bands appear in the γ region or additional bands appear in other regions. The α1, α2 or β regions are abnormally elevated, and even normal electrophoresis of serum proteins should be combined with clinical application and identification by immunofixation electrophoresis.