论文部分内容阅读
国内超大城市已进入都市区发展阶段,但相关理论却相对滞后,研究我国都市区的空间尺度问题有利于科学地制定城市政策,预留规划设施,促进都市区健康发展。本文从出行时耗角度入手,分析归纳国外发达国家都市区发展历程与当前特征,结合京沪等都市区发展现状及通勤时耗特征,研判我国大都市区空间尺度问题。研究结论证实我国大城市都市区空间拓展应以轨道交通为主要支撑方式,小汽车模式虽然出行效率较高,但边际成本较高,不适合我国城市高强度开发特点。在轨道网络化条件下,从出行时耗的角度,提出都市区内单程最长通勤时耗不应超过1.5小时,采用地铁或市域铁路制式支撑空间拓展最大半径在40~60 km范围内,超大城市都市区范围在7 000 km~2左右,特大城市都市区范围在3 500 km~2左右。为压缩出行时耗,提高通勤效率,应加强交通与用地系统耦合开发,提高接驳系统规划设计水平,整体提高出行链组织效率,保证出行时耗最小化。
The domestic mega-cities have entered the development stage of metropolitan areas, but the relevant theories are lagging behind. Studying the spatial scales of metropolitan areas in China is conducive to making city policies scientifically, reserving planning facilities and promoting the healthy development of metropolitan areas. This article starts from the perspective of travel time, analyzes and summarizes the development history and current characteristics of developed metropolitan areas in foreign countries, and studies the spatial scale of metropolitan areas in China based on the development status of metropolitan areas such as Beijing and Shanghai and the characteristics of commuting time consumption. The conclusion of the research confirms that the metropolitan area of China should take the rail transit as the main support for space expansion. Although the car mode has higher travel efficiency, the marginal cost is higher, which is not suitable for the high-intensity urban development in China. Under the condition of orbit network, from the perspective of travel time consumption, it is suggested that the longest one-way commuting time in urban areas should not exceed 1.5 hours, and the maximal radius of supporting space for metro or urban railroad is within 40 ~ 60 km, Urban metropolitan area is about 7 000 km ~ 2, metropolitan metropolitan area is about 3 500 km ~ 2. In order to reduce travel time and improve commuting efficiency, the coupling development of transportation and land use system should be strengthened to improve the planning and design of connecting system, improve the organization efficiency of travel chain as a whole and minimize travel time.