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含泥岩软夹层大采高工作面回采巷道外错式变形破坏是巷道支护的新课题。通过对三道沟煤矿含软夹矸层5-2厚煤层回采巷道变形实测和围岩钻孔窥视,发现了巷道顶板存在垂直裂隙,巷道两帮破坏区集中于夹矸层附近,且具有副帮大于正帮的特征,巷道变形主要来自于相邻采空区的影响。通过数值计算和物理模拟,揭示了相邻工作面侧方支承压力导致顶板产生垂直向裂隙,引起顶板与巷道夹矸层以上煤体沿软夹层向相邻采空区外错滑移的机制。建立了含软夹矸层巷道自稳平衡拱支护模型,提出了加强巷道上帮支护,控制外错滑移破坏的控制原则,给出了顶板锚索与煤帮长锚杆加强支护方案,工程实践取得了成功。
Fault-out deformation and failure of mining roadway with large mining height in soft rock with soft interlayer is a new subject of roadway support. Through the deformation measurement of 5-2 thick coal seam with soft gangue in Sandou Gou mine and the peering of the surrounding rock, it is found that the vertical cracks exist in the roof of the roadway. The two gang failure areas are concentrated in the vicinity of the gangue, To help more than Zhengbang characteristics, the deformation of the roadway comes mainly from the impact of adjacent goaf. Through numerical calculation and physical simulation, it is revealed that the lateral support pressure of the adjacent working face causes the vertical cracks in the roof, which causes the sliding mechanism of the coal above the coal gangway between the roof and the roadway along the soft interlayer to the adjacent goaf. A self-balanced balance arch support model for roadway with soft gangway was established, and the control principle of strengthening the roadway upper support and controlling the sliding slip damage was put forward. The roof anchorage cable Program, project has achieved success.