1 绪言 南中国海占地面积约为3.5×10~6km~2,北面是华南陆地,西面是越南海岸,南面是婆罗洲和巴拉望岛,东面是菲律宾(图1)。由于这种布局,南中国海是一个巨大的、各种各样的近岸和近海矿物潜在区。尽管南中国海的周围大陆有丰富的矿产,其范围从超微硫化矿床至热液金矿,但南中国海的近海地区大部分都未勘探,近岸地区未完全勘探。但是,所获得 1 INTRODUCTION The South China Sea covers an area of ​​about 3.5 × 10 ~ 6km ~ 2, with the South China land in the north, the Vietnamese coast in the west, Borneo and Palawan in the south, and the Philippines in the east (Figure 1). Due to this layout, the South China Sea is a huge, diverse potential for nearshore and offshore minerals. Although the continent of the South China Sea is rich in minerals, ranging from ultra-micro sulphide deposits to hydrothermal gold, most of the offshore areas of the South China Sea are unexplored and the inshore areas are not fully explored. However, it is obtained