论文部分内容阅读
安全生产是各生产性行业的共同追求,冶金行业尤甚。与化学、材料类等行业相比,冶金行业最突出的特点是面对的生产对象是高温金属熔体,如钢熔融体的温度约为1600℃,铜熔融体的温度为1200℃左右。就现阶段来看,冶金工艺尚难以实现对高温熔体处理的可视化操作,所以因配料、操作不当等引发安全事故前难以觉察危险信号,容易造成安全生产事故。冶金行业的安全事故,一般具有突发性、严重性等特点,难以预防,后果严重,往往造成人员伤亡、厂房设备烧毁,甚至直接导致工厂停产乃至倒闭。冶金行业在工艺技术及生产设备的选择上,都对安全性能提出了较高要求。但目前通用的工艺技术及设备,或多或少存在一定安全生产的薄弱区域或漏洞,不时发生安全事故。下面是近年来几起比较引人关注的冶金安全事故:1997年10月14日晚班时间,某公司冶炼厂发生一起诺兰达炉“喷炉”事故,喷溅出的高温熔体烧毁了大量周边设备,造成了巨大的经济损失;2005年2月9日,山西省某公司发生一起炉底烧穿事故,10人当场死亡,6人受伤;2007年9月9日,甘肃某公司矿冶分公司铅冶炼厂,因操作人员经验不足及工艺本身存在的设计缺陷,发生一起“喷炉”事故,造成8死10伤;2008年12月26日,重庆某公司电炉发生喷炉,造成4名工人当场死亡,14人受伤。
Safe production is the common pursuit of various productive industries, especially in the metallurgical industry. Compared with the chemical, materials and other industries, the most prominent feature of the metallurgical industry is the production of high-temperature metal melt is faced, such as steel melt temperature is about 1600 ℃, copper melt temperature is about 1200 ℃. At this stage, the metallurgical process is still difficult to achieve visualization of high-temperature melt processing operations, so due to ingredients, improper operation and other precautions before the safety hazard caused by difficult to detect dangerous signals, likely to cause safety accidents. Metallurgical industry safety accidents are generally characterized by suddenness and seriousness, which are difficult to prevent. The consequences are serious, which often result in personal injury and death, the burning of plant equipment, and even direct factory shutdown or even closure. Metallurgical industry in the selection of process technology and production equipment, have put forward higher safety performance requirements. However, the current common technology and equipment, there are more or less a certain area of production safety weaknesses or loopholes, from time to time safety incidents. Here are a few more interesting metallurgical safety accidents in recent years: On the evening of October 14, 1997, a company smelter had a Nolander furnace blowout accident. The splattered high temperature melt Burned a large number of peripheral equipment, resulting in huge economic losses; February 9, 2005, burned at the bottom of a company in Shanxi Province accident occurred, 10 people were killed and 6 were injured; September 9, 2007, Gansu Company smelting and metallurgical branch lead smelter, due to lack of operator experience and the design of the process itself, there are defects in the design, a “blow furnace” accident, resulting in 8 dead 10 injured; December 26, 2008, Chongqing, a company electric furnace occurred Blast furnace, killing four workers died on the spot, 14 were injured.