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先秦时期是中国农学萌芽和形成时期,人们在长期观察和农业生产实践中,也在“尚农”、“重地”的政治文化影响下,逐渐形成了因地制宜、“平治水土”、“用养结合”、改良土壤等土壤保护思想及实践体系。在开发、利用土壤的同时,注重土壤的保护,以求恢复、维持甚至提高地力,并处理好土壤与地理、水分、作物、肥料、耕作等因素的关系,以达到土壤的长期可持续利用。这构成了古代中国土壤科学的重要内容,也为古代生态农学的发展做出了不可磨灭的贡献,对于今天的土壤利用及农业生产也具有重要的利用价值。
The pre-Qin period was the germination and formation of Chinese agronomy. Under the long-term observation and practice of agricultural production, under the influence of the political culture of “Shangnong” and “Empire Land”, people gradually formed the principle of “ ”,“ Combine with raising ”, soil conservation ideas such as soil improvement and practice system. In the development and utilization of the soil, we should pay attention to the protection of the soil in order to restore, maintain or even improve the earth’s force and handle the relationship between the soil and the geography, water, crop, fertilizer, farming and other factors so as to achieve long-term sustainable use of the soil. This constitutes an important part of soil science in ancient China and has made an indelible contribution to the development of ancient eco-agronomy. It is also of great value to today’s soil utilization and agricultural production.