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目的通过调查广东省放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核率的变化,为职业卫生监护和放射防护提供依据。方法采用常规培养法检测接受放射卫生监护的各级医院及放射相关厂矿的工作人员外周血淋巴细胞的微核率,进行分析调查。同时统计不同性别、不同工种、不同年龄以及不同级别医院的放射工作人员微核率的差异。结果放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞的微核细胞率和微核率与对照组人员差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与男性相比,女性放射工作人员的微核率升高(P<0.05);医用诊断组工作人员的微核检出率高于工业检测组(P<0.01);与<30岁年龄组相比,≥30岁各组间放射工作人员的微核率均明显升高(P<0.01);不同级别医院放射工作人员微核率由高到低依次为市级医院、省级医院、区级及以下医院。结论广东省放射职业卫生监护及个人防护基本达到了要求,但需要进一步加强各级医院放射工作人员尤其女性工作者的防护培训。
Objective To investigate the changes of micronucleus frequency of peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiation workers in Guangdong Province and provide basis for occupational health supervision and radiation protection. Methods The routine culture method was used to detect the micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in hospitals and radiation-related factories and mines receiving radiation health supervision and analysis. At the same time, the differences of micronucleus rate of radiographers in different sex, different types of work, different ages and different levels of hospitals were counted. Results There was no significant difference in micronucleus rate and micronucleus rate between radiation workers’ peripheral blood lymphocytes and control group (P> 0.05). Compared with males, micronucleus rate of female radiation workers increased (P < 0.05). The detection rate of micronuclei in medical diagnostic staff was higher than that of industrial testing staff (P <0.01). Compared with those under 30 years old, High (P <0.01). The micronucleus rates of radiation workers in different levels were ranked as municipal hospitals, provincial hospitals, district-level hospitals and below. Conclusions Guangdong’s occupational health monitoring and personal protection in Guangdong basically meet the requirements, but there is a need to further strengthen the protective training for radiological workers, especially female workers, at all levels of hospitals.