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子宫内膜异位症(EMs)病因复杂,其诊断亦较困难,腹腔镜检查是目前诊断EMs的“金标准”,但是腹腔镜检查适应症有限,且步骤繁琐,因此寻找有效的血清和(或)腹水诊断标志物对筛查和诊断EMs具有十分重要的意义。目前在肿瘤标志物、免疫学标志物方面已进行了广泛研究,具有诊断价值的标志物包括CA125、sICAM-1、TNF-α、IL-6、EMAb、抗转铁蛋白抗体等,不过各种标志物诊断价值均有局限,近年来研究深入到基因多态性等遗传学标志物领域,已发现一些与EMs密切相关的基因。本文就近年来EMs实验室诊断的研究进展作一综述。
The etiology of endometriosis (EMs) is complex and its diagnosis is more difficult. Laparoscopy is the gold standard for the current diagnosis of EMs, but laparoscopy has limited indications and cumbersome procedures. Therefore, the search for effective serum and Or) ascites diagnostic markers for the screening and diagnosis of EMs has a very important significance. At present, extensive studies have been carried out on tumor markers and immunological markers. Diagnostic markers include CA125, sICAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6, EMAb, anti-transferrin antibodies and the like, There are limitations in the diagnostic value of the marker. In recent years, the research has gone deep into the field of genetic markers such as gene polymorphisms, and some genes closely related to EMs have been found. This article reviews the research progress of EMs laboratory diagnosis in recent years.