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目的了解彝族感染艾滋病病毒(HIV)孕产妇所生婴幼儿的死亡状况,为提高彝族感染HIV孕产妇所生儿童的生存质量提供依据。方法对昭觉县2008年以来死亡的彝族感染HIV孕产妇所生的活产婴幼儿进行回顾性调查,并对结果进行统计和分析。结果昭觉县彝族感染HIV孕产妇所生婴幼儿的死亡率(15.8%,53/336)明显高于当地婴幼儿的死亡率(1.1%,47/4227),死亡年龄多在2岁以内,死亡的主要原因为肺部感染、消化道感染、新生儿窒息。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,母亲分娩前已知感染HIV、母亲孕产期使用过抗病毒药物,是减少感染HIV孕产妇所生婴幼儿死亡的保护因素。结论昭觉县彝族感染HIV孕产妇所生婴幼儿,经母婴传播途径感染HIV的风险较大,死亡原因与HIV感染状态的相关性有待进一步分析和探讨。
Objective To understand the deaths of infants and young children born to Yi people living with HIV and provide basis for improving the quality of life of children born to HIV infected pregnant women. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted on live-born infants born to HIV pregnant women who died in Yi since 2008 in Zhaojue County. The results were analyzed and statistically analyzed. Results The mortality rate of infants and young children born in HIV / AIDS infected villages of Yi people in Zhaojue County was significantly higher than that of local infants and young children (1.1%, 47/4227) (15.8%, 53/336) The main causes of death were lung infections, gastrointestinal infections and neonatal asphyxia. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that mothers were known to have HIV before delivery and that mothers used antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and childbirth, which were the protective factors to reduce the death of infants born to HIV pregnant women. Conclusion Yi people in Zhaojian County have higher risk of HIV infection through mother-to-child transmission of HIV among pregnant women and mothers. The correlation between the cause of death and HIV infection needs to be further analyzed and discussed.