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目的调查福建省公共场所集中空调冷却塔水及冷凝水嗜肺军团菌的污染状况及主要血清型。方法 2009年采集全省106家集中空调冷却塔水113份及52家冷凝水79份,进行嗜肺军团菌分离鉴定及血清分型,用PCR验证。结果106家公共场所污染率27.4%(29/106);冷却塔水嗜肺军团菌检出率25.7%(29/113),以血清1型为优势(62.1%)。52家冷凝水污染率为19.2%(10/52);冷凝水嗜肺军团菌检出率13.9%(11/79)。受污染的7个设区市的冷却塔水检出率有差异;受污染的4个设区市的冷凝水检出率类似。结论福建省公共场所集中空调冷却塔水及冷凝水受到嗜肺军团菌不同程度污染,冷却塔水检出率高于冷凝水;应加强集中空调系统监测,预防军团菌病的发生。
Objective To investigate the pollution status and main serotypes of Legionella pneumophila in condensate water and cooling towers in public places in Fujian Province. Methods In 2009, 113 water-cooled cooling towers and 113 condensate water were collected from 106 centralized air-conditioning units in the province, and the isolation and identification of Legionella pneumophila and serotyping were carried out. PCR was used to verify the results. Results The pollution rate of 106 public places was 27.4% (29/106). The detection rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling tower water was 25.7% (29/113) and the serotype 1 predominance (62.1%). 52 of the condensate water pollution rate was 19.2% (10/52); condensate L. pneumophila detection rate of 13.9% (11/79). There were differences in the detection rates of the cooling tower water in the seven affected districts that were polluted. The detection rates of the condensate water in the four affected districts were similar. Conclusions The water and condensate of central air-conditioning cooling tower in public places in Fujian Province are polluted to different degrees by Legionella pneumophila, and the detection rate of cooling tower water is higher than that of condensate water. Monitoring of centralized air-conditioning system should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of Legionnaires’ disease.