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以猪粪、沼渣沼液和猪粪堆肥为供试材料,采用田间小区试验,设置不施肥(CK)、不施氮肥(PK)、纯施化肥(NPK)、有机无机肥配施1(20%猪粪N+80%化肥N,NPKM1)、有机无机肥配施2(20%沼渣沼液N+80%化肥N,NPKM2)和有机无机肥配施3(20%猪粪堆肥N+80%化肥N,NPKM3)等6种施肥模式,研究连续3年(2011—2013年)不同有机无机氮肥配施对小白菜和莴苣的产量、品质及经济效益的影响。结果表明:有机无机氮肥配施对蔬菜生长表现出显著增产效益;小白菜和莴苣产量大小均表现为NPKM3>NPKM1>NPKM2>NPK>PK>CK;NPKM1、NPKM2、NPKM3处理与NPK处理相比分别增产19.84%、8.31%、27.38%(小白菜),48.66%、22.13%、53.76%(莴苣);小白菜和莴苣经济效益大小均表现为NPKM3>NPKM1>NPKM2>NPK>PK>CK;与NPK处理相比,NPKM1、NPKM2、NPKM3处理经济效益分别增加21.83%、9.52%、23.15%(小白菜),50.46%、23.10%、53.50%(莴苣);有机无机氮肥配施处理增加了小白菜和莴苣茎叶中维生素C、可溶性糖含量,降低了硝酸盐、粗纤维含量,从而提高蔬菜的营养品质和口感,以NPKM3处理表现最好;猪粪堆肥配施处理较猪粪配施、沼渣沼液配施处理有利于小白菜和莴苣的高产、优质栽培,且提升经济效益。
The pig manure, biogas slurry and pig manure composting were used as tested materials. Field plot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of CK, PK, NPK, 20% pig manure N + 80% fertilizer N, NPKM1), organic and inorganic fertilizer application 2 (20% biogas slurry N + 80% fertilizer NPKM2) and organic and inorganic fertilizer application 3 + 80% fertilizer N, NPKM3) to study the effects of different organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizers on yield, quality and economic benefits of Chinese cabbage and lettuce for three consecutive years (2011-2013). The results showed that the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers showed significant increase in yield of vegetables; the yield of both Chinese cabbage and lettuce showed NPKM3> NPKM1> NPKM2> NPK> PK> CK; NPKM1, NPKM2 and NPKM3 treatments were respectively compared with NPK treatment The economic benefits of Chinese cabbage and lettuce were NPKM3> NPKM1> NPKM2> NPK> PK> CK, and the yield was increased by 19.84%, 8.31%, 27.38%, 48.66%, 22.13% and 53.76% The economic benefits of NPKM1, NPKM2 and NPKM3 treatments increased by 21.83%, 9.52%, 23.15% (pakchoi), 50.46%, 23.10% and 53.50% (lettuce), respectively. The treatment of organic and inorganic nitrogen increased the yield of Chinese cabbage The content of vitamin C and soluble sugar in stem and leaf of lettuce decreased the content of nitrate and crude fiber, thus improving the nutritional quality and taste of vegetables. NPKM3 showed the best performance. Pig manure composting was better than pig manure and biogas residue Biogas slurry treatment is conducive to the high yield and high quality cabbage and lettuce cultivation, and enhance economic efficiency.