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目的探讨甲状腺滤泡源性肿瘤及病变中钠碘转运体(NIS)和甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)mRNA的表达及意义。方法应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术,对55例甲状腺肿块的NIS mRNA和TPO mRNA丰度进行了检查。结果NIS mRNA在5种不同病理类型以及4种不同状态间的表达差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。而TPO mRNA的比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0．05),良性病变组TPO mRNA表达率明显高于恶性病变组而接近于正常对照组。表达TPO mRNA病例的半定量观察结果,良、恶性病变组间TPO mRNA的光密度积分值(mRNA丰度)差异具有统计学意义(P＜0．01),良性病变组明显高于恶性病变组。结论良恶性甲状腺滤泡源性肿瘤及病变中均存在着NIS的缺陷；TPO作为甲状腺良性肿瘤和病变的标志物有一定的应用价值；临床甲状腺结节性病变如同位素扫描为冷结节,细针穿刺活检(FNAB)检查TPO阴性者应视为手术适应证。
Objective To investigate the expression and significance of sodium iodide transporter (NIS) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) mRNA in follicular thyroid tumors and lesions. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to examine the abundance of NIS mRNA and TPO mRNA in 55 cases of thyroid mass. Results The expression of NIS mRNA in five different pathological types and four different states showed no significant difference (P> 0.05). The difference of TPO mRNA was statistically significant (P <0.05). The expression of TPO mRNA in benign lesion group was significantly higher than that in malignant group and close to the normal control group. Semiquantitative observation of the expression of TPO mRNA showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.01) in the integral value of TPO mRNA between benign and malignant lesions (P <0.01), and was significantly higher in benign lesions than in malignant lesions . Conclusions There are defects of NIS in benign and malignant thyroid follicular tumors and lesions. TPO has some value as a marker of thyroid benign tumors and lesions. Clinical thyroid nodular lesions such as cold nodules and isotopes Needle biopsy (FNAB) examination of TPO negative should be considered as surgical indications.