1.力学研究的现状 力学是一门主要用数学演绎方法解决工程问题的必不可缺的学科。但要真正对工程技术作出有益的贡献,既不能仅仅依靠演绎,也不能仅仅依靠归纳。比如天体力学可以直接指导宇航技术的实践,但材料力学却与实验紧密联系。在一般情况下必须既要仔细归纳经验,又要充分利用理论工具。现代计算技术的发展给理论研究创造了极好的条件,但也出现了过分迷信数值计算而忽视实验的倾向。其结果是:计算数据和图表大量涌现,却作不出令人信服的结论。对每个力学工作者来说,最重要的任务是致力于理论与实验之间的平衡。先用简单的 1. The status quo of mechanics research Mechanics is an indispensable discipline which mainly solves engineering problems by mathematical deduction. But to really make a useful contribution to engineering, we can neither rely solely on deduction nor rely solely on induction. For example, celestial mechanics can directly guide the practice of aerospace technology, but the material mechanics is closely linked with the experiment. Under normal circumstances, we must not only carefully sum up experience, but also make full use of theoretical tools. The development of modern computing technology has created excellent conditions for theoretical research, but there has also been a tendency to over-superstitious numerical calculations that neglect the experiment. The result: a flood of computational data and charts, but no convincing conclusion. The most important task for every mechanic is to devote himself to the balance between theory and experiment. First with simple