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早在1954年就已知有些垂体肿瘤引起催乳素(PRL)分泌增加,但至1971年有了敏感的PRL放射免疫测定法后,才证明大部份垂体肿瘤合并高PRL血症。在这以前对多数垂体肿瘤,认为是“无功能的嫌色细胞腺瘤”,极少病例根据其临床表现,诊断为有内分泌功能,能分泌促肾上腺皮质素(AC-TH)或生长素(GH)的肿瘤。目前,只知道垂体前叶激素是由持续呈抑制状态的下丘脑控制。而这一机能减弱能使PRL分泌增加。垂体肿瘤引起的高PRL血症通过两个途径:第一肿瘤是由生乳细胞构成;第二下丘脑催乳素抑制因子(PIF)到达垂体的量减少,结果分泌增加。
As early as 1954, some pituitary tumors were known to cause an increase in prolactin (PRL) secretion. However, the sensitive PRL radioimmunoassay in 1971 demonstrated that most pituitary tumors had high PRL. Prior to this, most pituitary tumors were considered “non-functioning chromophobe adenomas,” and very few were diagnosed with endocrine function according to their clinical manifestations and secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (AC-TH) or auxin GH) of the tumor. Currently, only the anterior pituitary hormones are known to be controlled by the hypothalamus, which continues to be inhibited. This diminished ability increases PRL secretion. Pituitary tumor-induced hyperprolactinemia by two ways: the first tumor is composed of raw milk cells; the second hypothalamic prolactin inhibitory factor (PIF) to reach the amount of pituitary decreased, resulting in increased secretion.