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为明确甘肃省党参斑枯病病原菌及其生物学特性,通过形态学和分子生物学方法进行了病原菌的鉴定,同时利用植物病理学常规培养法进行生物学特性的测定,并利用rDNA-ITS序列构建其系统发育树。结果表明:该菌形态特征与党参壳针孢Septoria codonopsidis Ziling相似,分生孢子器球形、近球形,大小为53.8~76.6μm×40.3~62.7μm;分生孢子无色,针形,1~4个隔膜,大小为15.3~38.8μm×0.9~1.2μm。系统发育树进一步显示,引起党参斑枯病的病原菌为党参壳针孢。该菌菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发和产孢的温度范围分别为5~30、5~35、15~25℃,最适温度分别为20~25、20、20℃;连续光照有利于菌丝生长、孢子萌发,连续黑暗有利于病菌产孢;此菌在相对湿度达90%以上时才可萌发,以水中萌发最好;菌丝生长、孢子萌发和产孢的适宜pH范围分别为4.0~10.0、4.51~9.19和7.0~7.5,最适pH分别为4.5、7.0和7.5;党参根浸渍液和葡萄糖液对孢子萌发有较强的促进作用。表明党参壳针孢菌丝生长和孢子萌发的适宜温度偏低,因此该病害在气温偏低及持续阴雨结露条件下发生较重。
In order to clarify the pathogens and their biological characteristics of the Cotinula massoniana in Gansu Province, the pathogen was identified by morphological and molecular biological methods, and the biological characteristics were determined by routine culture of plant pathology. The rDNA-ITS sequence Build its phylogenetic tree. The results showed that the morphology of the fungus was similar to that of Septoria codonopsidis Ziling. The conidia were spherical and nearly spherical with the size of 53.8-76.6μm × 40.3-62.7μm. The conidia were colorless, needle-shaped, 1-4 The separators have a size of 15.3 to 38.8 μm × 0.9 to 1.2 μm. Phylogenetic tree further shows that the pathogen causing Cang spot Corylus is Corynebacterium parvum. The mycelium growth, conidial germination and sporulation temperature range of 5 ~ 30,5 ~ 35,15 ~ 25 ℃, the optimum temperature was 20 ~ 25,20,20 ℃; continuous light is conducive to the bacteria Silk growth, spore germination, continuous darkness is conducive to the spawning of bacteria; the bacteria can germinate at relative humidity above 90%, the best germination in water; mycelial growth, spore germination and sporulation suitable pH range 4.0 ~ 10.0, 4.51 ~ 9.19 and 7.0 ~ 7.5, respectively. The optimum pH was 4.5, 7.0 and 7.5, respectively. Codonopsis root and glucose solution promoted the spore germination. Indicating that the suitable temperature for the growth of C. hypochondriacal and the germination of spores is low, so the disease occurs in the condition of low temperature and prolonged rainy dew condensation.