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肽核酸（ｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ ｎｕｃｌｅｉｃ ａｃｉｄ， Ｐ Ｎ Ａ）是 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 类似物，具有由氨乙基甘氨酸单位组成的假肽骨架，能以高亲和性和高生物稳定性与 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 和 Ｒ Ｎ Ａ 特异性杂交。 Ｐ Ｎ Ａ 以链侵占方式与 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 结合，抑制转录或提供人工强启动子促进转录；与ｍ Ｒ Ｎ Ａ 结合，则阻止蛋白质的合成，此外， Ｐ Ｎ Ａ 还能导向核糖核蛋白（ｒｉｂｏｎｕｃｌｅｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｓ）的 Ｒ Ｎ Ａ部分，抑制其酶活性。 Ｐ Ｎ Ａ 的其他特点如抗核酸酶和蛋白酶作用、方便而灵活的固相合成法等，使之有希望成为一个基因靶向药物。该文综述了肽核酸的化学和生物学特性及应用前景。
Peptide nucleic acid (P N A) is a D N A analogue with a pseudopeptide backbone consisting of aminoethylglycine units that binds to both D N A and R N A with high affinity and high biological stability Specific hybridization. P N A binds to D N A by chain intrusion, inhibits transcription or provides a strong promoter for transcription, and binds to m R N A to prevent protein synthesis. In addition, P N A can also direct ribonucleoproteins ) Of the R N A moiety, inhibiting its enzymatic activity. Other features of PNA such as nuclease- and protease-resistance, convenient and flexible solid-phase synthesis, and others make it promising to be a gene-targeted drug. This review summarizes the chemical and biological properties of peptide nucleic acid and its application prospects.