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目的了解护生自杀意念发生情况及其影响因素,为护生自杀预防和干预工作提供参考。方法采用整群抽样法,选择哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区将要进入临床实习阶段的872名护生。采用自编一般情况问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应对方式问卷、自杀态度问卷(QSA)、Beck自杀意念量表(BSI-CV)等进行问卷调查。结果护生自杀意念发生率为48.6%。本科、专科及高职护生分别为34.9%,51.0%和52.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.09,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,本科学历,强迫、抑郁和敌对因子阴性是自杀意念发生的保护因素(P值均<0.05);对自杀行为性质的认识持矛盾态度、对安乐死持肯定态度是自杀意念发生的危险因素(P值均<0.05)。结论护生尤其是专科、高职护生自杀意念发生率较高。应根据护生及日后工作特点,对主要危险因素采取有针对性的预防措施,有效预防护生自杀行为。
Objective To understand the occurrence and influencing factors of suicide ideation among nursing students and provide references for the prevention and intervention of suicide students. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select 872 nursing students who were about to enter clinical practice in Harbin Medical University Daqing Campus. Self-compiled questionnaires, self-rating Symptom Scale (SCL-90), simple coping style questionnaire, suicide attitude questionnaire (QSA), Beck suicide ideation scale (BSI-CV) and other questionnaires. Results The incidence of suicide ideation of nursing students was 48.6%. The undergraduate, specialist and vocational nursing students were 34.9%, 51.0% and 52.6% respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 6.09, P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that undergraduate education, obsessive-compulsive, depression and hostile factor negative were the protective factors of suicidal ideation (P <0.05). The understanding of the nature of suicidal behavior was contradictory and the attitude towards euthanasia was positive The risk factors of suicidal ideation (P <0.05). Conclusion Nursing students, especially college students, have a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation. According to the characteristics of nursing students and their future work, targeted preventive measures should be taken on the main risk factors to effectively prevent suicide behavior of nursing students.