重型机械制造业是仅次于钢铁企业的耗能大户。由于这类企业工序繁多,设备种类复杂,大多数企业都基本上五脏具全,从冶炼、铸造、锻造、热处理、表面处理到机械加工,应有尽有。能源消耗包括煤(煤气)、油、电、水、汽、气等无一不备,消耗量亦十分惊人。以我们厂为例,在生产正常情况下,每年消耗优质煤十余万吨、重油近万吨,电七千多万度、蒸汽达八十万吨、各种水六百多万吨,各种能源消耗折合标准煤二十三余万吨。每年动能费用近二千万元,占产品成本费用百分之十二左右。类似我厂这样的重型机械制造企业国内有许多,其中绝大多 Heavy machinery manufacturing is second only to energy-hungry large enterprises. Due to the large number of processes and complicated equipment types, most enterprises basically have five internal organs, ranging from smelting, casting, forging, heat treatment, surface treatment to mechanical processing. Energy consumption includes coal (gas), oil, electricity, water, steam, gas and other all-inclusive, consumption is also very alarming. Take our factory as an example. Under normal production conditions, we consume over 100,000 tons of high-quality coal, nearly 10,000 tons of heavy oil, over 70 million tons of electricity, 800,000 tons of steam and over 6 million tons of various kinds of water each The energy consumption equivalent to more than 230,000 tons of standard coal. Annual energy costs nearly twenty million yuan, accounting for about 12% of product cost. Similar to our heavy machinery manufacturing plant there are many domestic, most of them