一、引言早在十九世纪,著名的生物学家达尔文就已在《蚯蚓的活动和腐植土的形成》一书中,对蚯蚓在土壤中的作用做过阐述。二十世纪以来,国内外有许多学者如Gates.G.E,J.Stephenson,shinjiro Kobayashi,陈义等开始从事蚯蚓的研究,但多偏重于分类方面。1980年,我国从日本引进了蚯蚓的饲养型“大平二号”和“北星二号”,蚯蚓的养殖才逐渐开展起来,其综合利用也逐渐为人们所重视,除直接利用蚯蚓作为畜禽和鱼的饲料、人的食品和药用外,还利用蚓粪作花卉、瓜类的肥料,效果良好,甚至有些报导认为蚓粪的肥力要比其它肥料高出好几倍。我们在1984年和1985年以蚓粪和发酵牛粪 I. INTRODUCTION As early as the 19th century, the well-known biologist Darwin has described the role of earthworms in soils in the book Earthworms’ Activities and Formation of Humulated Soil. Since the twentieth century, many scholars from home and abroad, such as Gates.G.E, J.Stephenson, shinjiro Kobayashi and Chen Yi, started to study earthworms, but they mostly focused on classification. In 1980, our country imported the earthworm feeding type “Daping 2” and “Beixing 2” from Japan. The earthworm farming began to develop gradually. The comprehensive utilization of earthworm was gradually taken seriously by people. In addition to the direct use of earthworms as livestock and poultry Fish feed, human food and medicine, but also the use of vermicompost for flowers, melons, fertilizer, the effect is good, and even some reports that the vermicompost fertility than other fertilizers several times higher. We used vermicompost and fermented cow dung in 1984 and 1985