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长期的土壤侵蚀,把黄丘一区地表切割成千沟万壑的形态,坡陡流急,干沟沟底比降1％～3％,支毛沟比降更大。一遇暴雨洪水,当汇集坡面来水来沙后,沟岸侧蚀、沟底下切、沟头前进严重,形成沟道网络的高含沙水流,其含沙量500～1000kg/m~3,最高可达1700kg/m~3。由于含沙量大,水流容重和粘滞性增加,紊动减弱,成为非牛顿二相流,具有流变性质。本文根据绥德水保站及有关站(所)的实测资料和研究成果,对黄丘一区小流域洪水输沙特性作一分析。
Long-term soil erosion, the Yellow Hill area cut into a gully area of the surface morphology, slope steep flow urgent, dry ditches at the end of 1% to 3% drop, furrow more than drop. Once a storm floods, when the pool water and sand from the slope, the side gutter of the ditch bank, the ditch under the ditch and the ditch head go forward seriously. As a result, the high silt water flow of the channel network is formed and the sediment concentration is 500-1000kg / m ~ 3 , Up to 1700kg / m ~ 3. Due to the large amount of sediment, water flow capacity and viscosity increase, the turbulence weakened as a non-Newtonian two-phase flow, with rheological properties. According to the measured data and research results of Suide Soil and Water Conservation Station and related stations, this paper analyzes the characteristics of flood and sediment transport in the small watershed of Huangqiu I area.