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本文研究了半自动内圆磨床静刚度和动刚度对加工精度的影响以及刚度的测定方法。研究结果表明,原始误差复映所造成的加工误差是随机性的,在加工总误差中占有相当大的比重,其大小决定于工艺系统的刚度及其它因素。文中运用Γ.Б.ЛУрЬе的基本公式求解复映误差,并用相关分析法对实验数据进行处理,估计复映误差占总误差的比例。所用静刚度测定装置,可以方便地测定内圆磨床各部件的静刚度,并可在实际生产中应用。机床动刚度不仅导致尺寸误差,而且对工件的几何形状有很大的影响,作者研究了动刚度的测定方法,比较成功的有两种:一种是光测法,利用(?)闪测速仪、高倍显微镜和专用顶尖,观察磨杆的振动,测出其振幅值,经计算求得动力系数μ=1.12～1.42;另一种是电测法,借助电容式传感器,调频放大器和八线示波器测得三种磨杆的振动波形。通过试验验证了刚度对加工精度的影响,初步得出了提高刚度的方向。
In this paper, the influence of static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of semi-automatic internal grinder on the machining accuracy and the determination of stiffness are studied. The results show that the error caused by the original error reappearance is random, which accounts for a large proportion of the total error in processing. The size depends on the stiffness of the process system and other factors. In this paper, Γ.Б.ЛУрЬе basic formula is used to solve the complex error, and the correlation analysis method is used to process the experimental data to estimate the proportion of the complex error in the total error. Static stiffness measurement device used, you can easily determine the static stiffness of the internal grinder components, and can be used in the actual production. The dynamic stiffness of the machine tool not only leads to the size error, but also greatly affects the geometry of the workpiece. The author has studied the method for the determination of the dynamic stiffness. There are two successful methods: one is optical measurement, , High magnification microscope and special top, observing the vibration of the grinding rod, measuring its amplitude, the calculated dynamic coefficient μ = 1.12 ~ 1.42; the other is the electrical measurement method, with capacitive sensors, FM amplifiers and eight-line oscilloscope Measured three kinds of grinding rod vibration waveform. The effect of stiffness on the machining accuracy is verified through experiments, and the direction of increasing the stiffness is obtained initially.