在美国,涉及媒体名誉侵权的案件自从上世纪90年代以来不断增多,以至于在美国法院陪审团组成人员中,很多人都不喜欢媒体,他们通常认为记者在涉及人的名誉的报道中,不注意事实的准确性。最近20年来,美国法院在涉及媒体损害名誉权的官司中,多次判媒体败诉,赔偿金额多的高达3000万美元。因此记者很多时候可以说如履薄冰,有人甚至告诫记者:要如同避免水火一样躲避侵权官司。而如何避免遭受起诉甚至败诉,是所有大学新闻系学生的必修课。尽管损害名誉权方面,美国各州制 In the United States, the number of cases involving the infringement of the media’s reputation has been increasing since the 1990s, so many of the members of the U.S. court jury do not like the media. They usually think that journalists are not involved in the coverage of human reputation Pay attention to the accuracy of the facts. In the recent 20 years, the U.S. courts have repeatedly adjudicated the media’s unsuccessful defeat in cases involving media outlets that have infringed the reputation of fame, with the amount of compensation up to as much as 30 million U.S. dollars. Therefore, a lot of time reporters can be said to be on thin ice. Someone even warned reporters: they should avoid infringement lawsuits just like avoiding fire and water. How to avoid being sued or even lose is a required course for all university journalism students. Despite the prejudice to the right of reputation, states in the United States