《童年》是高尔基著名的自传体三部曲(《童年》《在人间》《我的大学》)中的第一部,是高尔基最优秀的作品之一。高尔基所生活的19世纪末20世纪初,正是沙俄统治走向衰败的时代。当时的俄国,政治极端腐败,下层人民生活困苦,整个社会正在酝酿大的变革。《童年》讲述的是孤独的孩童“我”(阿廖沙)的成长故事。小说以一个孩子的独特视角来审视整个社会及人生,通过对“我”幼年时代痛苦生活的描述,反映了作家童年时代的艰难生活及对光明与真理的不懈追求,同时也展现了19世纪末俄国社会生活的广阔画卷。 “Childhood” is the first of Gorky’s famous autobiographical trilogy (“Childhood” “In the World” “My University”), one of Gorky’s best works. The end of the 19th century and the early 20th century that Gorky lived in was exactly the era in which the tsarist rule was declining. At that time, Russia was experiencing extreme political corruption and the people living in the lower classes were in a difficult position. The whole society is now undergoing major changes. “Childhood” tells the story of the growth of a lonely child, “I” (Alyosha). Through the unique perspective of a child, the novel examines the entire society and life. By describing the painful life in his childhood, he reflects the author’s hard life in his childhood and the relentless pursuit of light and truth. The vast picture of social life in Russia at the end of the century.