现代生活要求人们具有越来越高的流动性,私人汽车可以越来越多地提供这种流动性。但是,长期存在的交通堵塞问题,严重制约着汽车给人们带来的方便。 应用通信和信息技术的智能交通系统,能够帮助解决这个问题,增强行车安全,减少行车时间。 交通管理系统 先进的交通管理系统能确保道路网络最大限度地发挥运输能力。这种在世界各地都常见的由计算机控制的交通管理系统能协调交通信号,把人们在路途耽搁的时间减到最低限度,控制车辆并入高速公路的速度,发现交通事故和抛锚的车辆。 日本的长野市就是这样做的。该市在交通主干道沿线安装了传感器,用以收集和处理有关路面堵塞情况、出行时间和交通规则等的信息。这些信息通过竖立在路边的公告牌、电话、传真和因特网等渠道传递给司机。除此,车辆上还安装上红外信标,通过它把车辆所在的位置传送给控制中心,控制中 Modern life requires people to have more and more liquidity, and private cars can increasingly provide such liquidity. However, the long-standing problem of traffic congestion seriously hampers the convenience brought by cars. An intelligent transportation system using communications and information technology can help to solve this problem, enhance traffic safety and reduce driving time. Traffic Management System The advanced traffic management system can ensure that the road network can maximize the transportation capacity. This computer-controlled traffic management system, common in all parts of the world, coordinates traffic signals, minimizes the amount of time spent on the road, controls the speed at which vehicles are incorporated into the freeway, and identifies traffic accidents and broken-down vehicles. That’s what Nagano, Japan did. The city has installed sensors along the main arterial roads to collect and process information on road blockages, travel times and traffic rules. The information is passed to the drivers via bulletin boards erected on the curb, telephone, fax and the Internet. In addition, the vehicle is also installed on the infrared beacon, through which the location of the vehicle sent to the control center, control