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目的探讨S波段高功率微波(HPM)辐射对大鼠皮层形态结构及其氨基酸类神经递质的影响。方法采用2～90mW/cm2S波段高功率微波辐照Wistar大鼠,通过苏素素—伊红染色(HE)、甲苯胺蓝染色和电镜观察大脑皮层的形态结构改变;采用高效液相色谱仪检测10和50mW/cm2照后6h和1d大脑皮层中4种氨基酸(谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、γ氨基丁酸和甘氨酸)含量的变化。结果平均功率密度10,50和90mW/cm2S波段高功率微波可引起大脑皮层神经元固缩、深染,尼氏体减少;突触结构模糊,囊泡堆积;髓鞘融合、解离等。10和50mW/cm2组照后6h大脑皮层上述4种氨基酸含量均显著增高(P<0.01);而照后1d仅见γ氨基丁酸和甘氨酸含量仍较高(P<0.01)。结论S波段高功率微波辐射可引起大鼠大脑皮层神经元尼氏体、突触结构和髓鞘等损伤及氨基酸类神经递质代谢紊乱。
Objective To investigate the effect of S-band high power microwave (HPM) radiation on the morphology and amino acid neurotransmitter in rat cortex. Methods The Wistar rats were irradiated by 2 ~ 90mW / cm2 S-wave high-power microwave. Morphological changes of cerebral cortex were observed by HE, Toluidine blue staining and electron microscopy. Changes of four amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, γ - aminobutyric acid and glycine) in cerebral cortex at 6 and 1 d after 50 mW / cm2 irradiation. Results The average power density of 10, 50 and 90mW / cm2S band high-power microwave can cause cerebral cortex neurons shrinkage, deep staining, reduction of Nissl; synaptic structure fuzzy, vesicle accumulation; myelin fusion, dissociation. The contents of the four amino acids in the cerebral cortex were significantly increased at 10 and 50 mW / cm2 (P <0.01), but the levels of γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine were still high at 1 d after irradiation (P <0.01). Conclusion S-wave high-power microwave radiation can cause damage of Nissl body, synaptic structure, myelin and other neuronal neurotransmitter metabolism in rat cerebral cortex.