目的 甘油虽已用于急性肾功能衰竭动物模型的构建,但关于模型的稳定性和可靠性尚未见系统研究.因此,本研究结合组织病理学和病理生理学检测,探讨甘油构建家兔急性肾衰(ARF)模型的最佳剂量选择,以期成为用于本科生急性肾衰模型替代选择.方法 家兔后腿肌肉注射生理盐水10 mL/kg 或50％ 甘油(8 mL/kg,10 mL/kg,12 mL/kg),24 h 后收集尿液,记录尿量,进行尿蛋白检测,采集分离血清进行血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cre)水平的测定,取双肾组织称重,计算肾与体重的比值,肾组织切片HE 染色观察形态学变化.结果 注射甘油24 h 后,三组模型组尿量均显著减少(P ＜ 0.05),模型组部分动物出现尿蛋白阳性及肉眼可见血尿,肾髓质见淤血.造模24 h 后血尿素氮、血肌酐水平组内差异较大,组间差异不显著,肾比重亦无显著改变.肾HE 染色见近曲小管上皮细胞混浊肿胀,部分细胞脱落至小管腔内,肾间质见大量红细胞,肾小球形态无明显改变.结论 不同剂量甘油注射均可导致肾小管损伤,造模方法方便快捷,造模成功率尚可,动物模型死亡率低,通过优化实验条件,甘油有望替代传统的氯化汞成为本科生机能学实验中急性肾衰模型的常规的造模方法.“,”Objective Although glycerol has been used in the construction of animal models of acute renal failure, there have not been systematic studies on the stability and reliability of the model. Therefore, this study combines histopathology and pathophysiology to explore the best dose selection of glycerol to construct a rabbit model of acute renal failure (ARF), in order to become an alternative choice for undergraduate acute renal failure models. Methods Rabbits\'\' hind leg muscles were injected with normal saline 10 mL/kg or 50％ glycerol (8 mL/kg, 10 mL/kg, 12 mL/kg). Urine was collected 24 hours later, urine output was recorded, and urine protein was tested. Separate serum was collected for the determination of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cre) levels, and kidney tissues were weighed to calculate the ratio of kidney to body weight. Kidney tissue sections were stained with HE to observe morphological changes. Results After 24 hours of glycerol injection, the urine output of the three model groups was significantly reduced (P＜0.05). Some animals in the model group showed positive urine protein and visible hematuria, and renal medulla congestion. The blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine levels were significantly different within the group 24 hours after the model was established, and the difference between the groups was not significant, and the kidney specific gravity did not change significantly. Kidney HE staining showed turbidity and swelling of proximal tubule epithelial cells, some cells fell off into the tubule lumen, a large number of red blood cells were seen in the renal interstitium, and there was no obvious change in the morphology of the glomerulus. Conclusion Different doses of glycerol injection can cause renal tubular damage. The modeling method is convenient and fast, the success rate of modeling is acceptable, and the mortality rate of animal models is low. By optimizing the experimental conditions, glycerol is expected to replace the traditional mercury chloride as a functional experiment for undergraduates The conventional modeling method of acute renal failure model.