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目的 探讨聚丙烯腈纤维粉尘的致病作用 ,制订车间空气中聚丙烯腈纤维粉尘卫生标准。方法 大鼠经气管注入粉尘 80mg ,分别于染尘后的 12、18个月剖检 ,观察肺部病理改变。发现聚丙烯腈纤维粉尘可致肺组织轻度纤维化改变。对 10 3名平均接尘工龄 5 4年 (1～ 14 6年 )接尘女工的健康状况进行了调查分析。结果 呼吸系统症状检出率、胸部X线异常改变和肺通气功能损伤程度 ,接尘组均明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。结论 聚丙烯腈纤维粉尘对人体有一定的致病作用。提出车间空气中聚丙烯腈纤维粉尘最高容许浓度为 4mg/m3,时间加权平均容许浓度为 2mg/m3。
Objective To investigate the pathogenicity of polyacrylonitrile fiber dust and to develop hygienic standards for polyacrylonitrile fiber dust in the air of workshop. Methods The rats were injected with 80mg dust through the trachea and were dissected 12 and 18 months after the infection respectively to observe the pathological changes in the lungs. Polyacrylonitrile fiber dust was found to cause mild fibrosis changes in lung tissue. The health status of 103 female workers exposed to dust aged 54 years (1 ~ 146 years) on the average dusting age was investigated. Results The detection rate of respiratory symptoms, the abnormal changes of chest X-ray and the impairment of lung ventilation were significantly higher in the dust-receiving group than in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion Polyacrylonitrile fiber dust on the human body has a certain pathogenic role. Proposed workshop air polyacrylonitrile fiber dust maximum allowable concentration of 4mg / m3, time-weighted average allowable concentration of 2mg / m3.