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为了研究石榴籽粒发育遗传机制及其在育种中的应用,以’三白’石榴品种开花后60d和120d籽粒为试材,进行转录组测序分析.对表达差异基因进行GO注释及KEGG富集分析.结果分析表明,与’三白’石榴开花后60 d籽粒相比,在开花后120 d籽粒中总共检测到8 409个显著差异表达基因;KEGG富集分析表明差异表达基因显著富集在激素信号转导及其它代谢产物的合成和代谢等18条代谢通路上;5类可变剪接类型中鉴定出了76个靶基因,其中17个为差异表达基因.定位到的差异表达基因可以为解析石榴籽粒发育以及基因克隆提供理论指导.“,”In order to study the genetic mechanism of pomegranate seed development and its application in pomegranate breeding, the seeds sampled at two different ripening times (60 and 120 days after blooming) from ’Sanbai’ pomegranate cultivars were used as test materials and applied with transcriptome sequencing analysis. Subsequently, those differentially expressed gene s were implemented the GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment. The result showed that a total of 8 409 significant DEGs were identified in seeds of 120 days after blooming compared with seeds of 60 days after blooming of ’Sanbai’ pomegranate. KEGG analysis indicated that DEGs were significantly enriched in 18 metabolic pathways, including the hormone signal transduction and the synthesis and metabolism of other metabolites. Total 76 target genes were identified in 5 alternative splice types. Among of these genes, 17 genes were detected differentially expressed. These DEGs located would provide theoretical help for the analysis of development and gene cloning of pomegranate seeds.