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为了解长江中下游地区不同农田土地利用方式对中小型土壤动物群落的影响,在吴江市设置3组样地161采样点,共捕获中小型土壤动物20906只,隶属于5门11纲14目21类。其中,线虫纲为优势类群,弹尾目、蜱螨目、猛水蚤目、轮虫纲和寡毛纲为常见类群。农田土地利用方式对中小型土壤动物密度产生明显的影响,灌溉水田土壤动物密度分别是旱地与菜地的1.6倍以上,且差异显著,但3类土地利用方式的土壤动物类群总数无显著差异。灌溉水田土壤动物多样性H′指数分别是旱地与菜地的0.42和0.46倍,且差异显著,但旱地和菜地无显著差异。皆为旱作的旱地与菜地的中小型土壤动物群落间类群及其个体数量相似程度较高,而灌溉水田与旱地或灌溉水田与菜地间中小型土壤动物群落相似程度较低。因此,农田土地利用方式和具体措施对中小型土壤动物群落组成与结构特征有一定的影响。
In order to understand the impact of land use patterns of different farmland on small and medium-sized soil animal communities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, three sampling sites were set up in Wujiang City, 20 906 small and medium-sized soil animals were captured, belonging to 5 11 class. Among them, Nematoda was the dominant group, and the order Phacochoerus, Acarina, Megachile, Rotifera and Oligochaeta were the common groups. The land use patterns of farmland had a significant effect on the density of soil animals, and the density of soil animals in irrigated paddy fields was more than 1.6 times that of dry land and vegetable fields, respectively. There was no significant difference in the total number of soil fauna between the three types of land use patterns. The H ’index of soil animal diversity in irrigated paddy soil was 0.42 and 0.46 times higher than that in dryland and vegetable field, respectively, with significant difference, but there was no significant difference between dryland and vegetable field. The similarities of inter-small-scale soil animal communities and their individual numbers are similar in both dryland and vegetable field. However, the similarity of soil micro-fauna community between dry-land or irrigated paddy field and vegetable field is low. Therefore, the farmland land use patterns and specific measures have a certain impact on the composition and structural characteristics of small and medium-sized soil animal communities.