“星球大战”指的是对战略核武器防御的研究计划,即研究反战略导弹武器的方案及其可行性问题。由于设想的武器系统联系到很多星载装置,所以称“星球大战”,是里根总统在1983年3月23日电视演说中提出的。本文将主要涉及武器研究计划的技术方面而不来论述它对和平、军备控制及国际稳定的影响。设想的武器主要是非核的,想在导弹的不同飞行阶段实施多层次拦击,重点放在助推段及助推段后。定向能武器,包括激光武器及粒子束武器,是这两个层次拦击手段的主要选择,但目前都还有很多技术问题有待解决,尤其是粒子束武器,非短期内可成为现实。近期可做到的,还是利用以动能杀伤为基础的导弹,在再入段前后拦击。研制和部署这样一个防御系统要投入大量的人力物力,还需进行某些基础研究,对它的有效性与现实性还是一个有争论的问题。当前利用动能杀伤的武器,大多利用战术武器发展方面的某些先进技术,所以根据我国的经济技术条件,当前做好先进战术武器的研制工作,就会为反导准备一些技术基础。 “Star Wars” refers to the research plan on strategic nuclear weapons defense, that is, the plan for studying anti-strategic missile weapons and its feasibility. The “Star Wars” was proposed by President Reagan in a televised address on March 23, 1983, because the supposed weapon system was linked to many onboard devices. This article will primarily deal with the technical aspects of weapons research programs without discussing its implications for peace, arms control and international stability. The weapons envisaged are mainly non-nuclear and want to implement multi-level interception at different phases of missile flight, with emphasis on the boost segment and the boost segment. Directional energy weapons, including laser weapons and particle beam weapons, are the main options for these two levels of interception tactics. However, there are still many technical problems to be solved. In particular, particle beam weapons can not be realized in a short period of time. What can be done in the near future is the use of missiles based on kinetic energy killings before and after reentries. To develop and deploy such a defense system requires a lot of manpower and resources, some basic research needs to be done, and its validity and reality are still debated. At present, most of the weapons that use kinetic energy to kill have mostly used certain advanced technologies in the development of tactical weapons. Therefore, according to our country’s economic and technological conditions, the current development of advanced tactical weapons will prepare some technical bases for the anti-missile defense.