【摘 要】
：
目的 研究酸雨对贫铀在土壤中迁移深度的影响及贫铀在我国6类代表土壤中的迁移规律,并探讨贫铀在土壤中迁移时对地下水的影响.方法 利用建立的贫铀在土壤中迁移的实验室模拟
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目的 研究酸雨对贫铀在土壤中迁移深度的影响及贫铀在我国6类代表土壤中的迁移规律,并探讨贫铀在土壤中迁移时对地下水的影响.方法 利用建立的贫铀在土壤中迁移的实验室模拟模型和电感耦合等离子体质谱技术,测定不同深度土层的铀浓度、235U/238U比值,以及淋洗液中的铀浓度,确定贫铀的迁移深度及其迁移对地下水可能造成的影响.结果 在pH 3.0的模拟酸雨的淋洗下,贫铀气溶胶在洗土和褐土中的迁移深度分别是6～8 cm和4～6 cm,并且随着淋洗液的酸度增加,贫铀在土壤中的迁移加深;贫铀在我国主要的6类土壤中的迁移深度介于0～4 cm之间;贫铀在淋洗液和土壤中的分配系数小于0.004,淋洗液中的铀浓度为0.05～10.33 μg/L.结论 实验证明酸雨可以促进贫铀在土壤中的迁移.沉降在土壤表面的贫铀绝大部分停留在土壤表层中,对土壤造成长期污染,但对地下水造成影响的可能性较小.贫铀的迁移能力与土壤中的有机物含量有关.
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