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为了探索在钟祥市土壤上小麦最佳的氮、磷、钾施肥用量及配比,2013~2014年布置小麦3414试验,研究当前推荐氮肥用量(N 150 kg/hm2)、磷肥用量(P2O575 kg/hm2)、钾肥用量(K2O 90kg/hm2)对小麦的增产效果。施肥增产效果显著(不施氮除外),平均增产量为369.6~3 671.9 kg/hm2,增幅为40.5%~402.1%。施肥增加毛收入776~7 711元/hm2,增加投入666~1 551元/hm2,产投比为1.17~7.73,纯收入110~6 304元/hm2。氮肥的农学利用率为13.3~21.5,P2、P3的农学利用率为2.9、5.9。结果表明,在平衡施用其他大量元素养分的条件下,施用氮对小麦增产起到一定作用,磷肥对小麦增产作用有限,钾肥对小麦增产作用不明显。
In order to explore the best nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and their proportions in wheat soil in Zhongxiang City, the 3414 wheat experiment was arranged from 2013 to 2014 to study the current recommended nitrogen fertilizer (N 150 kg / hm2), P2O575 kg / hm2) and potassium fertilizer (K2O 90kg / hm2) on wheat yield. Fertilizer yield increase effect is remarkable (except no nitrogen addition), the average increase yield of 369.6 ~ 3671.9 kg / hm2, an increase of 40.5% to 402.1%. Fertilization increased gross income 776 ~ 7 711 yuan / hm2, increased investment 666 ~ 1 551 yuan / hm2, production and investment ratio of 1.17 ~ 7.73, net income 110 ~ 6 304 yuan / hm2. The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer was 13.3 ~ 21.5, while that of P2 and P3 was 2.9 and 5.9. The results showed that under the condition of balancing the application of other macronutrients, the application of nitrogen had a certain effect on the increase of wheat yield. The effect of phosphate fertilizer on wheat yield was limited, but the effect of potassium fertilizer on wheat yield was not obvious.