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(一)方法概述钢和铁碳合金大部份是多相系统,其中有碳在α-铁及γ-铁中的周溶体,同时还有碳化物及其它各相。如果把这些金属材料的试样作为阳极放在适当的电解液中,并在适当的电解条件下进行电解。这时阳极试样中的固溶体在电流的作用下,成离子状态进入电解液。而试样中的碳化物、非金属夹杂物、金属间化合物等则留下来,并以残渣的状态吸附在试样的表面。钢中碳化物的电解离析正是依据这一原理进行的。
(A) Method Overview Most of the steel and iron-carbon alloys are heterogeneous systems, including the carbon in α-iron and γ-iron in the weekly solution, along with carbides and other phases. If the sample of these metallic materials is placed as an anode in a suitable electrolyte and electrolysed under suitable electrolysis conditions. At this time, the solid solution in the anode sample enters into the electrolyte under the action of the current. In the sample, carbide, non-metallic inclusions, intermetallic compounds and the like remain, and are adsorbed on the surface of the sample in the state of the residue. Electrolytic segregation of carbides in steel is based on this principle.