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目的探讨近年来福州地区自愿无偿献血者年龄分布特征及其影响因素,为改进和完善献血者招募策略提供依据。方法收集福州地区2006-2013年全部自愿无偿献血者(601 913人次)年龄等相关信息,采用全样本统计描述分析。结果福州地区自愿无偿献血人群中,18-25岁年龄组献血者比例从2008年的56.53%(42 605/75 372)持续下降至2013年的37.19%(30 805/82 842),其他年龄组则呈小幅增长趋势;18-25岁年龄组中,女性献血者占51.68%(155 184/300 297),略高于男性献血者(48.32%,145 113/300 297),其他年龄组中女性献血者占比依次为33.95%(47 515/139 959)、38.74%(41 896/108 134)、37.95%(19 624/51 708)和26.72%(485/1 815),均明显低于男性献血者;高校献血点、城区街头献血车、城区固定献血屋、单位团体、郊县街头献血者中18-25岁年龄组的比例依次为98.21%(75 865/77 246)、48.02%(117 529/244 728)、47.01%(72 762/154 778)、23.70%(10 153/42842)和21.61%(7 181/33 225);郊县街头36-45岁年龄组的献血者比例为36.03%(11 971/33 225),约为城区街头的2倍;全血献血者中18-25岁年龄组的比例51.28%(283 490/552 813)高于成分献血者34.23%(16 807/49100),其他年龄组则相反;血液检测项目HBV和TP检测不合格率随着献血者年龄组增大而升高,到36-45岁年龄组呈现高峰,之后逐渐下降,呈现两端低中间高的分布特征。结论福州地区自愿无偿献血者的年龄在不断变化,青年献血群体呈下降趋势,提示要适时调整献血者招募策略。
Objective To explore the age distribution characteristics of voluntary non-profit blood donors in Fuzhou in recent years and their influencing factors, and to provide basis for improving and perfecting the recruitment strategies of blood donors. Methods The related information such as the age of all volunteer blood donors (601 913) from 2006 to 2013 in Fuzhou area was collected and analyzed by the whole sample statistical description. Results Among the volunteer blood donors in Fuzhou, the proportion of blood donors in the 18-25 age group continued to drop from 56.53% (42 605/75 372) in 2008 to 37.19% (30 805/82 842) in 2013. Other age groups The proportion of female donors in the 18-25 age group was 51.68% (155 184/300 297), slightly higher than that of male donors (48.32%, 145 113/300 297). In other age groups, the female The proportion of blood donors was 33.95% (47 515/139 959), 38.74% (41 896/108 134), 37.95% (19 624/51 708) and 26.72% (485/1 815) respectively, which were significantly lower than those of men The proportion of donors who donated blood in colleges and universities, blood donors in urban areas, donated blood donors in urban areas, donated blood donors in urban areas, and donors in suburban and suburban areas was 98.21% (75 865/77 246) and 48.02% (117 529/244 728), 47.01% (72 762/154 778), 23.70% (10 153/42842) and 21.61% (7 181/33 225). The proportion of blood donors in the 36-45 age group on the streets of suburbs was 36.03 % (11 971/33 225), about 2 times of the urban area. In the whole blood donors, the percentage of 18-25 age group 51.28% (283 490/552 813) was higher than that of the constituent blood donors 34.23% (16 807 / 49100), the other age group is the opposite; blood test items HBV and TP Measured failure rate increases with the age group of blood donors increased to 36-45 years old age group presents a peak, then gradually decreased, showing the distribution of both ends of the lower middle high. Conclusion The age of volunteer blood donors in Fuzhou area is constantly changing, and the blood donation group in youth shows a declining trend, suggesting that the recruitment strategy of blood donors should be adjusted in time.