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[目的]了解安庆市5岁以下儿童死亡监测情况,为制定妇幼保健决策提供依据。[方法]对2006—2008年间5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料汇总、整理并进行回顾性分析。[结果]5岁以下儿童死亡1792例,平均死亡率11.11‰,3年间死亡率差异无统计学意义。1～4岁儿童死亡率呈逐年上升趋势。儿童主要死因有:早产和低出生体重、出生窒息和肺炎。[结论]提高保健服务质量,加强卫生人员培训,提高其急救能力,建立新生儿急重症急救网络,扩大健康教育覆盖面,提高群众自我保护意识,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键措施。
[Objective] To understand the death monitoring of children under 5 years old in Anqing, and provide the basis for the decision-making of maternal and child health care. [Methods] The data of death monitoring of children under 5 years old from 2006 to 2008 were collected, collated and analyzed retrospectively. [Results] The number of children under 5 years of age was 1792, with an average mortality rate of 11.11%. There was no significant difference in mortality rate between the three years. Mortality of children aged 1 to 4 showed a year-by-year upward trend. The main causes of death in children are: premature birth and low birth weight, birth asphyxia and pneumonia. [Conclusion] It is a key measure to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old by improving the service quality of health care, strengthening the training of health personnel, improving their first aid ability, establishing the first aid emergency network for neonates, expanding the coverage of health education and raising the awareness of the masses for self protection.