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原子核物理学的成就,使我们能够用合成的方法获得新的放射性元素。超铀元素(即原子序数超过92的元素)的合成有着巨大的实际意义。它们在制取原子能的过程中起看重大的作用。 _(92)铀~(238)的原子和慢速中子互相作用可产生_(92)铀~(239),后者进一步蜕变而生成二个新元素——镎(Np)和钚(Pu)。 _(92)铀~(238)的这些变化按照下式进行: _(92)U~(238)+_0n~1→_(92)U~(239)→β→_(93)Np~(239)→β→ _(94)Pu~(239) 在1200℃左右的温度下,以金属钡的蒸气处理镎的氟化物也可以得到微量的镎。纯镎是银白色
The achievements of nuclear physics have enabled us to synthesize new radioactive elements. The synthesis of transuranics (ie, elements with atomic numbers over 92) is of great practical significance. They play a significant role in the preparation of atomic energy. The interaction of _ (92) uranium with (238) atoms with slow neutrons produces _ (92) uranium ~ (239), which further degenerates to produce two new elements, Np and Pu ). These changes of uranium (238) u (92) are carried out according to the following formula: (92) U ~ (238) + _ 0n ~ 1 → (92) U ~ 239 → β → _ (93) Np ~ 239) → β → _ (94) Pu ~ (239) Trace amounts of 镎 can also be obtained by treating the 镎 fluoride with a metal barium vapor at a temperature of about 1200 ° C. Pure 镎 is silver white