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了解各种小儿肾脏疾病的临床表现和病理类型二者间的关系。方法对156例肾活检患儿的临床和病理的关系进行了分析。结果系膜增生性肾炎占68％，其临床表现为多种形式的肾脏疾病；IgA肾病22例，占14．1％；毛细血管内增生性肾炎占4．5％；新月体肾炎6例（3．8％）；其他型别的病理类型均较少见。结论系膜增生性肾炎是小儿肾脏疾病最常见的病理类型，临床主要见于紫癜性肾炎（34．9％），其次见于肾病综合征（28．3％），各种类型的肾小球肾炎（10．4％）。
To understand the various clinical manifestations of pediatric kidney disease and pathological type of the relationship between the two. Methods The clinical and pathological features of 156 cases of renal biopsy were analyzed. Results mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis accounted for 68% of its clinical manifestations of various forms of kidney disease; IgA nephropathy in 22 cases, accounting for 14.1%; capillary proliferative nephritis accounted for 4.5%; crescentic glomerulonephritis in 6 cases (3.8%); other types of pathological types are rare. Conclusions Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis is the most common pathological type of pediatric kidney disease. The main clinical manifestations are purpuric nephritis (34.9%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (28.3%), various types of glomerulonephritis 10.4%).