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土壤动物对改善农田生态系统土壤生态环境、修复退化的生态功能起着不可替代的作用.分别于2015年的春季、夏季和秋季对长白山地玄武岩台地、花岗岩低山区、花岗岩丘陵区玉米田的土壤动物进行研究.其中大型土壤动物的获取采用手捡法,中小型土壤动物采用Tullgren分离.结果表明:3次取样共获取土壤动物2 956只,计42类,隶属于3门7纲16目,甲螨亚目和等节跳虫科是各地貌类型共有的优势类群.各地貌类型土壤动物个体密度和类群数均为花岗岩低山区最低;玄武岩台地土壤动物个体密度夏季最高,花岗岩低山区和花岗岩丘陵区秋季最高.垂直分布上3个地貌类型土壤动物个体密度均具有表聚性,但花岗岩丘陵区表聚性不明显.土壤动物多样性表现为花岗岩丘陵区最高,花岗岩低山区最低;春季、夏季花岗岩丘陵区土壤动物多样性最高,秋季各地貌类型土壤动物多样性差异并不显著.本研究表明长白山地不同地貌类型农田生态系统土壤动物群落特征及季节动态存在显著差异.
Soil animals plays an irreplaceable role in improving the ecological environment of farmland ecosystem and restoring the degraded ecological functions.On spring, summer and autumn in 2015, the soil of the Changbai Mountain basaltic platform, the low granite area and the cornfield in the granite hilly area Animals were studied, among which, the soil fauna was picked by hand and Tullgren was used for the isolation of small and medium-sized soil fauna.The results showed that 2 956 soil animals were obtained from 3 samplings, accounting for 42 classes, belonging to 3 classes, 7 classes and 16 orders, In the basalts, the individual density of soil fauna was the highest in summer and the highest in granite low-mountain area and granite The hilly region was the highest in autumn.The individual density of soil animal in the three landform types in the vertical distribution all had surface polygons but not in the granite hilly areas.The diversity of soil animals showed the highest in granite hilly area and the lowest in granite low mountainous area.In spring, In summer, the diversity of soil animal in granite hilly region is the highest. In the autumn, the diversity of soil animal in each landform type is poor Is not significant. This study shows there is a significant difference in the dynamic of soil animals with different landforms in Changbai Mountain Farm Ecosystem Community and seasonal.