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1899年Welch首先开始使用血栓(Thrombus)的名称,在很长的一段时间内,对它的发生机理只限于血流流速异常,血管内膜损伤和凝血因子的参与等三项因素.目前对此研究已作了许多补充,受到基础医学和临床工作者的注意.同时,近20年来,抗血栓的药物应用范围也比以往增多,包括用于不稳定心绞痛、心肌梗塞、瓣膜替换术后、冠状动脉旁路手术后、急性脑血管意外、弥漫性血管内凝血等,因此,为了达到临床应用的预期目的、熟悉抗血栓药物的使用,对以下四点作一复习和深入了解,有其必要性:(1)血栓形成的病理生理机制,(2)血栓形成后的自然转归,(3)不同抗血栓药物的药理学,(4)对不同抗血栓药物在心脏、血管疾病中使用的结果与经验,包括那些前瞻性和回顾性的研究工作.下面几篇译文是选自于美国心脏病学院杂志中的一期专题综述,提供读者们参考.据以往的使用体会,我国人对抗血栓药物的耐受性低于西方国家的病人,因此,注意防止用药期间产生的副作用,仍属必要.
Welch first started using the name of Thrombus in 1899. For a long time, its mechanism of action was limited to three factors, including abnormal blood flow velocity, intimal injury, and coagulation factors, Many studies have been supplemented by the attention of basic medical and clinical workers.At the same time, the application of antithrombotic drugs has increased more than in the past 20 years, including for unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, valve replacement, coronal Arterial bypass surgery, acute cerebrovascular accident, diffuse intravascular coagulation, etc. Therefore, in order to achieve the intended purpose of clinical application, familiar with the use of antithrombotic drugs, the following four points for a review and in-depth understanding of the necessity : (1) pathophysiological mechanisms of thrombosis, (2) natural outcome after thrombosis, (3) pharmacology of different antithrombotic drugs, (4) results of different antithrombotic drugs used in cardiac and vascular diseases And experience, including those of prospective and retrospective research. The following few translations are from the American College of Cardiology magazine a review of thematic issues, provide readers with reference.Of past experience, Our people are less resistant to thrombotic drugs than those in Western countries, so it is still necessary to take care to prevent the side effects that occur during treatment.