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目的了解铸造技术工人职业紧张状况及其影响因素。方法整群抽取某国营企和私营铸造企业员工,采取自行设计的一般人口学问卷和职业紧张目录问卷(OSI-R)进行问卷调查。结果职业任务、紧张反应、应对资源得分分别为151.06±23.76、123.95±19.51、123.95±19.51,低于技术工人常模和西南地区职业人群常模;职业任务高度、中度、适度及缺乏职业紧张者分别占0.56%、6.07%、60.67%和32.70%;高度、中度、适度和缺乏紧张反应者分别占3.24%、8.72%、66.82%和21.23%;高度、中度、适度缺乏和很强应对资源者分别占5.1%、16.65%、66.25%和12.00%。个体紧张反应基本与职业任务成正相关,与个体应对资源成负相关。结论铸造业人群职业紧张水平不高,但缺乏应对资源能力较强,建议企业应从减轻职业任务,改善工作环境,加强健康教育,丰富职工业余文化生活,有效缓解工人职业紧张,提高应对能力。
Objective To understand the occupational stress in foundry workers and its influencing factors. Methods A group of state-owned enterprises and private foundry workers were selected by cluster sampling. Questionnaires of the general demographic and occupational stress questionnaires (OSI-R) designed by themselves were used for questionnaire survey. Results Occupational tasks, nervousness and coping resources were 151.06 ± 23.76, 123.95 ± 19.51 and 123.95 ± 19.51, respectively, which were lower than the norm of the skilled workers and the norm of the working population in the southwestern region. Occupational tasks were highly, moderately, moderately and lacked occupational stress Accounting for 0.56%, 6.07%, 60.67% and 32.70% respectively; those with high, moderate, moderate and lack of stress accounted for 3.24%, 8.72%, 66.82% and 21.23% respectively; those with high, moderate, moderate deficiency and high Those dealing with resources accounted for 5.1%, 16.65%, 66.25% and 12.00% respectively. Individual stress response is basically related to occupational tasks, and negatively correlated with individual response resources. Conclusion The occupational stress level in foundry industry is not high, but the lack of ability to deal with resources is strong. It is suggested that enterprises should reduce occupational tasks, improve working environment, strengthen health education, enrich amateur cultural life of workers, effectively reduce occupational stress and improve coping ability.